What was the Treaty of Casalanza?

Signed on May 20, 1815, the Treaty of Casalanza ended the Neapolitan War between the Napoleonic Kingdom of Naples and the Austrian Empire, with Great Britain also involved. The treaty offered surprisingly lenient terms to the defeated Neapolitans, allowing generals to keep their rank while restoring the pre-Napoleonic king, Ferdinand IV. It was negotiated in a patrician villa near Pastorano after King Joachim Murat fled the country following decisive military defeats.

What we know

• The Treaty of Casalanza was signed on May 20, 1815, to formally end the Neapolitan War. [2, 5]
• The agreement was negotiated after the Napoleonic King of Naples, Joachim Murat, fled to Corsica following defeats at the Battle of Tolentino and the Battle of San Germano. [2]
• The terms allowed Neapolitan generals to retain their ranks and kept the kingdom's borders unchanged while restoring Ferdinand IV to the throne. [2]
• General Michele Carascosa sued for peace, and the treaty was signed by plenipotentiaries including Pietro Colletta, Adam Albert von Neipperg, and Lord Burghersh. [2]

Where to go next

• what caused itWhy did Joachim Murat declare war on Austria?
• the bigger pictureHow did the Hundred Days unfold across Europe?
• how we knowWhat happened at the Battle of Tolentino?
• whoWho was Joachim Murat?
• whereWhere was the treaty signed in Pastorano?
• an unexpected connectionHow did the Neapolitan War influence Italian unification?Although the war ended quickly with an Austrian victory and a restoration of the old monarchy, the Austrian intervention caused local resentment that helped spur the later drive toward Italian unification.

Sources

• [1]Treaty of Casalanza (Wikidata Q666989) · CC0 1.0
• [2]Treaty of Casalanza · CC BY-SA 4.0
• [3]Peace of Pressburg (1805) · CC BY-SA 4.0
• [4]Hundred Days · CC BY-SA 4.0
• [5]Neapolitan War · CC BY-SA 4.0