What is orthographic projection?

Orthographic projection is a technique used in cartography and geometry to represent three-dimensional objects or globes in two dimensions using parallel projection lines. In cartography, it functions as an azimuthal perspective projection where the point of perspective is located at infinity, depicting a hemisphere as it appears from outer space. Like all flat map projections, it distorts shapes and areas, particularly near the edges of the map.

What we know

• Orthographic projection is a perspective projection where the point of perspective is at an infinite distance. [2]
• In cartography, orthographic projection depicts a hemisphere of the globe as it appears from outer space, with the horizon forming a great circle. [2]
• Orthographic projection can also be used as a general means of representing three-dimensional objects in two dimensions via parallel projection lines orthogonal to the projection plane. [3]
• Shapes and areas in an orthographic map projection are distorted, particularly near the edges. [2]

Where to go next

• compared withHow does stereographic projection compare?
• how it workedWhat is a telecentric lens?
• the bigger pictureHow do map projections distort surfaces?
• whenWhen was orthographic projection first used?
• an unexpected connectionWhat is an oblique projection?

Sources

• [1]orthographic projection in cartography (Wikidata Q1753242) · CC0 1.0
• [2]Orthographic map projection · CC BY-SA 4.0
• [3]Orthographic projection · CC BY-SA 4.0
• [4]Map projection · CC BY-SA 4.0
• [5]List of graphical methods · CC BY-SA 4.0